Temporary decrease in renal quinone reductase activity induced by chronic administration of estradiol to male Syrian hamsters. Increased superoxide formation by redox cycling of estrogen
Article
Roy, D, Liehr, JG. (1988). Temporary decrease in renal quinone reductase activity induced by chronic administration of estradiol to male Syrian hamsters. Increased superoxide formation by redox cycling of estrogen
. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 263(8), 3646-3651.
Roy, D, Liehr, JG. (1988). Temporary decrease in renal quinone reductase activity induced by chronic administration of estradiol to male Syrian hamsters. Increased superoxide formation by redox cycling of estrogen
. JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY, 263(8), 3646-3651.
Cytochrome P-450-mediated redox cycling between the synthetic estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) and diethylstilbestrol-4',4'-quinone (DES Q) has previously been demonstrated. Cytochrome P-450 reductase catalyzes the reduction of DES Q presumably via a semi-quinone formed by one-electron reduction. A reducing action of NAD(P)H quinone reductase (EC 1.6.99.2) mediating two-electron reduction of DES Q has been investigated in the present work. Quinone reductase catalyzed the conversion in the presence of NADH or NADPH of DES Q to 53-65% Z-DES, a marker product of reduction. Dicumarol (15 μM), a known specific inhibitor of quinone reductase, inhibited this reduction almost completely. Using microsomes from Syrian hamster kidney, a target organ of estrogen-induced carcinogenesis, the reduction of DES Q was only partially inhibited by dicumarol. Apparent K(m) values of quinone reductase and cytochrome P-450 reductase were 17.25 and 11.9 μM, respectively. These data demonstrate that in hamster kidney, quinone reductase and cytochrome P-450 reductase compete for the reduction of DES Q. Microsomal O2̇̄ radical generation was stimulated 10-fold over base levels by the addition of 100 μM DES Q. The formation of O2̇̄ radicals was inhibited by addition of superoxide dismutase (0.2 mg/ml) or by 2'-AMP or NADP, known inhibitors of cytochrome P-450 reductase. In contrast, dicumarol enhanced microsome-mediated O2̇̄ formation. It is concluded that cytochrome P-450 reductase in hamster kidney microsomes mediates one-electron reduction of estrogen quinones to free radicals (semiquinones), which may subsequently enter redox cycling with molecular oxygen to form O2̇̄. Moreover, quinone reductase reduces DES Q directly to E- and Z-DES, and thus may prevent the formation of toxic intermediates during redox cycling of estrogens. Measurements of quinone reductase activity in liver and kidney of hamsters treated with estrogen for various lengths of time revealed a temporary decrease in activity by 80% specifically in the kidney after 1 month of chronic treatment with estradiol. Thus, a temporary decrease in quinone reductase activity, which occurred specifically in estrogen-exposed hamster kidney, may enhance the formation of free radical intermediates generated during biotransformation of estrogens.
