Rainfall-Runoff and Sediment Yield Modeling in Headwater Catchments of Lake Tana Sub-Basin, Ethiopia
Book Chapter
Mesfin, S, Mullu, A, Melesse, AM. (2021). Rainfall-Runoff and Sediment Yield Modeling in Headwater Catchments of Lake Tana Sub-Basin, Ethiopia
. 363-381. 10.1007/978-3-030-76437-1_19
Mesfin, S, Mullu, A, Melesse, AM. (2021). Rainfall-Runoff and Sediment Yield Modeling in Headwater Catchments of Lake Tana Sub-Basin, Ethiopia
. 363-381. 10.1007/978-3-030-76437-1_19
Tana sub-basin receives rainfall during summer as a primary source of stream flow. This research aimed to relate the catchment characteristics with hydrology of headwater catchments. Rainfall-runoff and sediment yield modeling in relation to catchment characteristics was conducted. Land use, soil, digital elevation model (DEM), precipitation, water quality and quantity were used in the analysis. ERDAS, GIS and HYDATA software were used to evaluate the physical catchment characteristics and meteorological data. Model parameters were calibrated using observed data of 2009–2011 and validated over the period of 2012. Particle swarm optimization was used to determine optimal model parameters. The model parameters were related to catchment characteristics using linear regression in a statistical software. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and hypsometric integral are directly proportional to direct runoff parameter C. Likewise, the baseflow model parameter b is positively affected by elongation ratio and average slope, and NDVI shows negative effect. Finally, regional model for the hydrology of the headwater catchments was developed.
