This chapter argues that eco-theology demands civic and political engagement at a planetary scale, developing the concept of a “planetary polis”—a public space for dialogue that recognizes human and more-than-human beings alike as planetary citizens. Surveying five inadequate responses to the ecological crisis, from nationalism and localism to transhumanism and doomerism, the chapter draws on Moltmann’s relational trinitarianism, process theology, ecofeminist thought, and liberation theology to articulate a theological basis for planetary citizenship. It concludes by examining environmental justice movements and climate activism as concrete sites where an eco-theologically grounded planetary polis is already taking shape.
