This paper presents novel sub-harmonic synchronous machines with series or parallel permanent magnet structures on rotors for better performance in greater torque density. The stator of the machines has two sets of three-phase winding, where the additional winding is used to generate subharmonic magnetomotive force components for brushless operation. Similar to the stator, the rotor uses an additional winding to induce that sub-harmonic component. Rotor also uses a permanent magnet to improve machine performance in series or parallel hybrid structures having conventional or consequent pole permanent magnet structures. In this paper, 4 different rotors, 3 having hybrid excitation, are used, and their performance is compared. To validate the performance, a 2D finite element analysis of 8 poles and 48 slots of sub-harmonic synchronous machines is performed with different rotors.
