Cities are emergent phenomena that display a form of shared knowledge, known as swarm intelligence. Their behavior can be compared to that of other emergent systems, such as brains and neural networks. This chapter explores how cities can be understood as self-regulating, intelligent systems governed by the principle of ‘homeostasis’, ensuring they maintain a certain dynamic equilibrium. It postulates that artificial intelligence (AI) has a potentially supplementary role in enhancing the self-regulating intelligence of the city. If hooked into a comprehensive network of interconnected AI-enhanced informational systems through a digital twin, cities could go beyond the limitations of discrete systems inherent in ‘Smart Cities to operate as ‘Brain Cities’. This chapter proposes the ‘Brain City’ could become the AI-enhanced city of the future.
