The expanding demand for high-capacity, ultra-fast wireless communications in emerging 6G networks has accelerated. As new technologies develop, the need for antennas that provide high bandwidth and gain is critical. The Ka-band (26.5GHz-40GHz) has become an essential frequency range for future wireless communication applications, including phone-to-satellite communications. However, achieving both high bandwidth and good gain in a compact, low-profile antenna structure remains a significant challenge. Patch antenna arrays are typically narrowband and often require improved performance in terms of gain.
