Immersive technologies are becoming ubiquitous in every corner of modern society. From learning environments in the classroom to behavioral genomics research and beyond, the elusive goal of making the virtual seem real and come to life is moving at a rapid pace. Spatial presence is one of the most critical aspects of user experience in immersive technologies that is associated with the intended outcome of the immersive technology use. Even though spatial presence is recognized as an important aspect of user experience in immersive technologies, there is no holistic account of factors affecting spatial presence. This study conducts a comprehensive literature review to identify individual, technological, and contextual factors associated with spatial presence in immersive technologies. In addition, we provide a research agenda that illustrates current gaps in both the extant literature and our understanding of spatial presence in immersive environments.
