Increasing the Bandwidth of Antennas Based on the Frequency Pulling Technique: Theoretical Limitations and Practical Considerations
Article
Koutinos, AG, Zekios, CL, Georgakopoulos, SV et al. (2024). Increasing the Bandwidth of Antennas Based on the Frequency Pulling Technique: Theoretical Limitations and Practical Considerations
. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, 10.1109/TAP.2024.3384771
Koutinos, AG, Zekios, CL, Georgakopoulos, SV et al. (2024). Increasing the Bandwidth of Antennas Based on the Frequency Pulling Technique: Theoretical Limitations and Practical Considerations
. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, 10.1109/TAP.2024.3384771
In this work, we investigate the theoretical limitations of the frequency pulling technique (FPT), a newly introduced technique that uses the insertion loss design methodology of bandpass filters for increasing the bandwidth of antennas. Notably, we show that by applying the FPT on antennas, the maximum theoretical impedance bandwidth defined by the Bode-Fano criterion is achieved. In addition, we demonstrate that the impedance bandwidth based on the Bode-Fano limit can exceed the bandwidth defined by the radiation efficiency of an antenna. This finding is very important, since it shows that the practical bandwidth limit of an antenna is imposed by its radiation efficiency. To validate our findings, we apply the FPT on various traditional microstrip patch antennas and determine their theoretical and measured bandwidth.
