Great Power Competition is happening in every geographic region and across most domains. The People's Republic of China, Russian Federation, the United States, and other actors are engaged globally, regionally, and even locally. Not everyone competes everywhere, but there is no country in the world today that is not on a field of competition. The United States own neighborhood, the western hemisphere, has seen competition increase as the People's Republic of China, Iran, North Korea, and Russian Federation have all sought to engage to contest historical US hegemony over the region. Competition in the western hemisphere and in other regions is happening across all three major domains-land, sea, and air. It is also happening in the cyber domain. This chapter discusses great power competition in the cyber domain in the western hemisphere. It summarizes the interests and activities of US near-peers in the western hemisphere and presents an overview of their operations in cyberspace. The chapter argues that each of the US near-peers is pursuing different tools for different aims within the western hemisphere. However, in all cases advances from US near-competitors in the cyber domain are facilitated by weak governance of the defense sector, and weak capabilities in the cyber domain in the target countries.
