This paper will examine and compare the semiconductor industries in Taiwan and South Korea as an indicator of industrial advancement, and their breaking of the Third World barrier. The examination notes the social and environmental consequences of these accomplishments have been less impressive. With public outcry over issues such as pollution and government corruption becoming a normal occurrence, these countries may now be experiencing the backlash of their own rapid economic progress. The results of these outcries may influence the two NICs for many years. This paper will examine social and environmental aspects relating to industrial development in Taiwan and South Korea. -from Author